We identified evidence-based statements about ADHD through expert scrutiny of published high quality meta-analyses and very large studies. These allow for firm statements about the nature, course, outcome causes, and treatments for disorders that are useful for reducing misconceptions and stigma. Many findings in ADHD are supported by meta-analysis. The contents of the manuscript are endorsed by 366 people who have read this document and agree with its contents. The status of the included statements as empirically supported is approved by 80 authors from 27 countries and 6 continents. We generated 208 empirically supported statements about ADHD. From this literature, we extracted evidence-based assertions about the disorder.

We excluded treatment studies with waiting-list or treatment as usual controls. For network meta-analyses we required comparison adjusted funnel plots. We excluded meta-analyses that did not assess publication bias, except for meta-analyses of prevalence. We reviewed studies with more than 2000 participants or meta-analyses from five or more studies or 2000 or more participants. To challenge misconceptions, we curated findings with strong evidence base. Misconceptions about ADHD stigmatize affected people, reduce credibility of providers, and prevent/delay treatment. Swanson, Anita Thapar, Gail Tripp, Geurt van de Glind, Wim van den Brink, Saskia Van der Oord, Andre Venter, Benedetto Vitiello, Susanne Walitza, Yufeng WanglzA Solanto, Edmund Sonuga-Barke, César Soutullo, Hans-Christoph Steinhausen, James M. Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Arnt Schellekens, Anouk Scheres, Renata Schoeman, Julie B. Poulton, Ravi Philip Rajkumar, Andrew Reding, Andreas Reif, Katya Rubia, Julia Rucklidge, Marcel Romanos, J. Sandra Kooij, Jonna Kuntsi Henrik Larsson, Tingyu Li, Jing Liu, Eugene Merzon, Gregory Mattingly, Paulo Mattos, Suzanne McCarthy, Amori Yee Mikami, Brooke S. Hinshaw, Pieter J.Hoekstra, Chris Hollis, Scott H. Crunelle, David Daley, Søren Dalsgaard, Manfred Döpfner, Stacey Espinet (on behalf of CADDRA), Michael Fitzgerald, Barbara Franke, Manfred Gerlach, Jan Haavik, Catharina A. Alqahtani, Philip Asherson, Lukoye Atwoli, Sven Bölte, Jan K. Al Saud, Iris Manor, Luis Augusto Rohdey, Li Yang, Samuele Cortese, Doron Almagor, Mark A. Faraone, Tobias Banaschewski ,David Coghill, Yi Zhengh, Joseph Biederman, Mark A. About 25 per cent of all energy from nutrients is utilized by the body to carry on its normal function the remainder becomes heat.Stephen V. Metabolic rate usually is expressed in terms of the amount of heat liberated during the chemical reactions of metabolism. The basal metabolic rate refers to the lowest rate obtained while an individual is at complete physical and mental rest.

The rate of metabolism can be increased by exercise by elevated body temperature, as in a high fever, which can more than double the metabolic rate by hormonal activity, such as that of thyroxine, insulin, and epinephrine and by specific dynamic action that occurs following the ingestion of a meal. In the catabolic, or destructive, phase these organized substances are reconverted into simpler compounds, with the release of energy necessary for the proper functioning of the body cells. The anabolic, or constructive, phase is concerned with the conversion of simpler compounds derived from the nutrients into living, organized substances that the body cells can use. There are two phases of metabolism: the anabolic and the catabolic phases. Essentially these processes are concerned with the disposition of the nutrients absorbed into the blood following digestion. the sum of the physical and chemical processes by which living organized substance is built up and maintained ( anabolism), and by which large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules to make energy available to the organism ( catabolism).

Metabolic activity synonym